A Easy Tip About College Research Paper Revealed

A Easy Tip About College Research Paper Revealed College Research Paper Can Be Fun for Everyone Everything is contingent on the college discipline. 1 curriculum may suit an individual's interest more than another. Thus, your organizational skills will be required. Understanding how to compose a research question isn't just reflective of great writing abilities but how students can think in research conditions. Writing a superb research depends upon how well college students may formulate a great working research question. Anyway, students should not be disturbed. So, most students might not be in a position to cover the services. What to Expect From College Research Paper? Your paper is certain to go straight from the window! It is essential that one ought to take some time and develop the right topic so that one will have the ability to write research paper without facing any trouble whatsoever. When it is microeconomics assignment help or macroeconomics homework help, it won't be problem if you're taking a look at the most suitable spot. Locate an example You ought to find an example because it's the ideal approach to ensure that you're writing it correctly. Methodology In all the attempts it is crucial to note to supply maximum in fo, paving the way for other to adhere to the procedure. Firstly, it's vital that you select a topic that's within your tackle zone. Research is one of the absolute most important things which you need to take care of when you're searching for the service provider. A systematic approach will surely help you to create a brilliant research paper. Just visit a dependable and speedy search engine and type your questions and you'll get theories on theories of economics. While examples act as support it should support the facts and assorted narrations in the undertaking and research. Group studying is also a fantastic option in regards to the research papers. Research papers are almost always exciting to read. It will take some time, and you must also give it patience. Naturally, your research may need you to cite a number of other kinds of sources, like books or articles with over 1 author or sources with no individual author listed. A thriving research paper fulfills the objective of raising readers' knowledge of a specific subject. Another advantage of our site is the quickness. So should you must employ college essay writer online, we're just the people who you wish to contact. Another enjoyable way to get students involved with reading and exploring books is via developing a new cover for the story. Writing a science paper is an intricate procedure. Writing of a wonderful thesis title page is simple, however, there are lots of students who forget about it as they concentrate on the research paper itself. Students have to know how to develop an acc urate thesis statement. In order to generate the best outline, many students use the research outline template to assist in chronologically ordering their suggestions and ideas. Picking a topic you truly like is excellent. It's possible to depend on the best essay help online. Students should remember to stay with only one important topic should they wish to write coherently. Using College Research Paper The sort of essay you're searching for will be offered to you within the deadline supplied to you. By reading the entire sample you will have the ability to compose your paper fast on time too. A superb source ought to be up-to date too, and the writer has to be able to show it thus. Keep in mind that the cover page is equally as critical as the research paper format which you are working on.

Women Crime - 2100 Words

Women have been commonly stereotyped as loving, nurturing and compassionate people. Female offenses, over the past century, have been on the rise (Wormer, 2010). The battle for gender equality might play an important role in this phenomenon. Female offenders started to increase in numbers during the 1980s, as reported by the Uniformed Crime Report (UCR). However, the majority of offenses committed by females are not violent offenses (Wormer, 2010). As shown in the UCR, the percentage of females imprisoned for violent offenses have been declining over the past two decades (United States Department of Justice, 2010). When looking at crimes committed by women, compared to those committed by men, they are obviously smaller in numbers. The†¦show more content†¦Traditionally, men are seen as being physically stronger than women. This, in turn, implies that they are more capable of committing violent crimes. In order to explain the gender gap that exists in the field of criminology , one must also take into consideration the emotional development and strength of a person. It seems as if gender and society’s norms have an impact on the low crime rates of women. Femininity is, for the most part, consists of the way a woman behaves but also the way she sees herself and her relationships with others. A woman’s femininity is influenced not only by her body but also her mind and her interactions with society. A â€Å"normal† woman can be perceived as caring, nurturing, and being selfless when it comes to others. Women, who take on responsibilities of a family or the ability to not only establish, but also maintain relationships, are thought of in the highest regards. â€Å"Derivative identity constrains deviance on the part of a women involved with conventional males, but it also encourages the criminal involvements of those who become accomplices of husbands or boyfriends† (Blanchette, Brown, 2006). Tendencies and qualities that are seen in criminals, basically contradict those tendencies and qualities that females possess. Crime is much more disgraced for women than it is for men. Women hold certain expectations regarding the way they look to the way the conduct themselves. ForShow MoreRelatedCrimes Committed by Women820 Words   |  3 PagesFrequently, the image of women is associated with tenderness, care, and maternity, but sometimes the image is completely the opposite. Many different studies and books have been written about female offenders and circumstances that lead them to commit a crime. Belknap (2007) examines different theories and studies to determine the reason why a woman crosses the border of the law. There are a many different types of crimes that could be committed by women, such as property crimes and prostitution,Read MoreWomen, Crime, and the Media1859 Words   |  8 Pagesvarious medias; movies, news, and television shows. The representation of wo men in the media has always been leaning more towards ‘pleasing’ than it is towards informative or accurate. Representation of female offenders in the media has not deviated from the route that other representations of female factions has gone, focusing more on what is pleasing and entertaining than what is not harmful to the demographic as a whole. Women who are represented as offenders are done so in a way that is biased andRead MoreWomen as Victims of Crime1823 Words   |  8 PagesWomen as Victims of Crimes Elisha M. Snead Women in Crime April.24, 2012 Gender violence is a prevalent problem worldwide, touching all aspects of women’s lives from the home to the workplace to the street. Efforts to understand the nature global extent of violence against women are recent activism and building on gender violence is in a period of fast development. In this paper I will discuss what violence against women is, signs of abuse, I will also discuss the increasing violence againstRead MoreA Research Paper On Women And Crime1111 Words   |  5 PagesRESEARCH PAPER IN SOCIOLOGY 1 SOCI/WGST 3P82: Women and Crime Student Name: Mary Ajudua Student #: 5359559 Instructor/Teacher’s Assistant: Dr. Natasha Tusikov Due Date: October 19Read MoreWhy Women Commit Crime?2029 Words   |  9 Pagesreasons on why women commit crime. I will be focusing on risk factors that young girls face in adolescence that may lead them to a spiral path down the criminal justice system. This research will focus on the traumas of sexual assault, domestic violence, poverty, the use of narcotics, and many other risk factors that may trigger young and middle aged women to commit acts of violence. There will also be information presented on an interview conducted with a close friend. There are three women that I willRead MoreThe Invisible Women : Gender, Crime And Justice1432 Words   |  6 Pages In history women and girls’ experiences as offenders and victims have been left out of criminal studies. According to Joanne Belknap, Author of The Invisible Women: Gender, Crime and Justice, many theories before the 21st century state that women offenders are only deviant in criminal behavior due to a result of biological forces. Stereotypical theories such as Anatomy as Destiny (Sigmund Freud), The Unadjusted Girl (Thomas), Behind the Mask (Pollack), are all early 1800 stereotypical maleRead MoreWomen s Duration Of Criminal Crimes804 Words   |  4 Pagesclaims. The amount of crime women commit compared to the amount of crime men commit is still less in our society (Lecture). Women’s duration of criminal offenses usually starts earlier and ends earlier (Lecture). Men on the other hand usually commit crime later and they commit crime over a longer duration of time. Women that commit crime differ in the type and seriousness of crimes they commit compared to the type and seriousness of crime committed by men (Lecture). Men and Women are also committingRead MorePreventive Measures Towards Crime Against Women2369 Words   |  10 Pagestowards crime against women Violence against women  is a  technical term  used to collectively refer to violent acts that are primarily or exclusively committed against  women. Similar to a  hate crime, this type of violence targets a specific group with the victims  gender  as a primary motive. The  United Nations General Assembly  defines violence against women as  any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in,  physical,  sexual  or  mental harm or suffering to women, includingRead MoreCrime Against Women and Challenges to Overcome Them5619 Words   |  23 Pagesâ€Å"Crimes against women and challenges in abolishing the crimes† ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- SUBMITTED BY: - Ritu Rajput DATE OF BIRTH:-28-09-1991 ADDRESS:-H.NO 1162 SECTOR-K AASHIANA COLONY LUCKNOW (U.P) TELEPHONE NO.:-07376756042 EMAIL: - riturajput.amity@gmail.com ------------------------------------------------- AMITY LAW UNIVERSITY LUCKNOW (UTTAR PRADESH) BA.LLB (2010-2015) 3rd YEAR, Semester VI Read MoreAre Women More Aggressive? Committing Violent Crimes Today?966 Words   |  4 Pagesthis article is to understand ‘Are women more aggressive in committing violent crimes today than in the past?’ Authors decided to use data from the prison, collected by Ward and his colleagues (Ward, Jackson, Ward, 1969) 40 years while they examined the nature of women’s violent offenses on demand of the National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence. The authors of this study primary need is to examine whether and how the characteristics and crimes of incarcerated female offenders

Never Give Up free essay sample

Describe how the experiences you’ve had, the people you’ve met, and the activities you’ve joined have prepared you to reflect the honesty, integrity, and willingness to give back as expected of a Daniel’s Scholar. My mind was wandering off in the colorful world of the television screen. I just came home from school feeling really lazy. My mom was preparing dinner and the aroma of fried chicken and rice drifted throughout the house. I could hear my stomach roaring with hunger. â€Å"Food’s ready!† my mom announced. My brothers and I rushed to the kitchen. We sat down and I glanced at the empty chair in front of me where my dad usually sits. â€Å"When is dad coming home?† I asked my mom. She responded in a sigh, â€Å"Your dad is a very hard working man and he’ll get home later tonight.† As the evening rolled by, my dad came home looking very pale and feeling stressed. Remember that I love you no matter how It was when we first started out I mean we were So much alike we shared every thought and We fell so fast!!!I know maybe fell In love too soon we both Made a decisions we cannot undo I mean I can admit to my mistakes but can you admit yours I have paid for what live done as you have paid for ours so why is it like this I mean we cant even talk You always calling me liar and say you dont care when you know my love for you is still there I never meant to hurt you and I never wanted to cause you any pain but now that I know you want leave my life will be the same I owe you so much and I have so much to prove to you bur at the end of the day I refuse to lose you..

The Catcher in the Rye Holdens Insight About Lif Essay Example For Students

The Catcher in the Rye: Holdens Insight About Lif Essay e and WorldThe Catcher in the Rye: Holdens Insight About Life and WorldThe book Catcher in the Rye tells of Holden Caulfields insight about life andthe world around him. Holden shares many of his opinions about people and leadsthe reader on a 5 day visit into his mind. Holden, throughout the book, madeother people feel inferior to his own. I can relate to this because although Ido not view people inferior to myself, I do judge others unequally. Holden and Iboth have similar judgements of people from the way they act and behave. We alsoshare feelings about motivation as well as lack of it. After reading this book,I came to the conclusion that Holden and I are much more similar than Iinitially believed. We will write a custom essay on The Catcher in the Rye: Holdens Insight About Lif specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Holden portrayed others to be inferior to his own kind all throughout the book. He made several references as to how people arent as perfect as he was. Thereason he Stradlater fixed himself up to look good was because he was madly inlove with himself. (pg. 27) Holden had an inferiority complex. He was afraid ofnot having any special talents or abilities and used other methods to make himout to be a rough tough boy. Boy, I sat at that goddam bar till around oneoclock or so, getting drunk as a bastard. I could hardly see straight. (pg. 150) Holden tried all he could to fit in. He drank, cursed and criticized lifein general to make it seem he was very knowing of these habits. I myself havefound me doing this at times, also. I, at times, feel the need to fit in to agroup and do things similar to what others do in order to gain acceptance bythem. I smoked a cigar once with two friends of mine because they kept going onand on about how great cigars were, but that was only once. Holden and I bothplace people on levels other than our own for amount of knowledge and likenessto ourselves. Holden used the term phonies to describe more than a few people in this book. He used the term to be what a person is if they dont act naturally and followother peoples manners and grace. Holden didnt like phonies, he thought of themas if they were trying to show off. He didnt like it when they showed offbecause it seemed so fake and unnatural every time they would do so. At the end of the first act we went out with allthe other jerks for a cigarette. What a deal thatwas. You never saw so many phonies in all your life,everybody smoking their ears off and talking aboutthe play so that everybody could hear how sharp theywere. (pg. 126)I know many people like this as well. I do not like phonies either. I have manyfriends who talk using full vocabulary just to try to impress you, and otherswho make note of everything they see to show you how perceptible they are. People do this when they have a fear of their own individuality and feel thatthey need to ace different to get people to like them. Holden and I both dislikephonies. We do not like people who take on roles of others to seem more likeablebecause they are insecure. Throughout the book Holden displays a lack of motivation for many things inwhich he should do. Holden couldnt even call up an old girlfriend whom he knewa long time ago. But when I got inside this phone booth, Iwasnt much in the mood any more to give oldJane a buzz. (Pg. 150)Holden also had a problem getting his motivation together in order to completeschoolwork and succeed in his prep school. I have similar problems with mymotivation and find at times I must be in the mood to do something in order forme to accomplish it. This stems from our experience in the past being that wecan get through life, or the part weve been through already, with minimaleffort. Holden has had this opportunity to notice this as his parents have beenshuffling him around to different schools every time he flunks. He feels hisparents will be there to move him somewhere else and take care of him every

Marijuana Controversy essays

Marijuana Controversy essays A significant amount of the United States population admits to illegally using marijuana. Many people have found that using medical marijuana, where it is legal, has had nothing but positive results. I have seen many people young and old using marijuana for recreational use in the last four to five years of my life. In my past experiences with marijuana and marijuana users, I have realized that a very large amount of people habitually smoke marijuana. While being around people who use this drug and occasionally using it myself, I have seen both positive and negative effects. Although marijuana may cause health problems and impair a persons judgment, this illegal narcotic may also have many positive effects on economy and our population. The controversy with marijuana all revolves around the proposed legalization of the drug. While there is a large amount of the population who is strongly against the idea, the number of people who are in favor are growing every day. Politicians, mainly democrats and liberals are beginning to take the stoners side. The governor of New Mexico, Gary Johnson, has made it very clear that he is in favor of legalizing the drug, and also that he was once a weed smoker himself (Duhigg, 14). Not only does this raise questions about how our country is currently viewing marijuana, but also how legalizing this drug may completely overturn the prohibition on this billion-dollar industry. The United States government is currently spending almost $40 billion dollars annually on the prevention of drugs in our country (Becker, 32). Once legalized, the government will be able to tax the sales; therefore, making more money to help our struggling and nearly war torn economy. Estimates place the world market value of illegal drugs at several hundred billions of dollars. This puts drugs in the same league as the markets for cigarettes and alcohol (Becker, 33). Our economy would be maki...

Does Content Marketing Help Retain Current Customers

Does Content Marketing Help Retain Current Customers Content marketing is celebrated as an excellent strategy to widen the sales funnel. Producing a variety of content geared toward a prospective customer keeps your brand top of mind, persuading them to move further in the sales process. Rand Fishkin explained it best  when he said that content marketing is at times a long and laborious process of constantly reminding your customers. So its easy to think once that sale is completed, so is the content. This is a huge mistake by marketers- its essentially ignoring and devaluing an individual once they become a customer. Instead there should be a content strategy in place that builds value, strengthens customer trust and increases potential for brand evangelism, upselling and cross-selling opportunities. #ContentMarketing still continues after the sale. It  constantly reminds your customers of you.The After the Close Dilemma After the sale, there is the vital step of keeping your commitments. At its core, it means keeping your customer happy. Did you guarantee your product or service could solve a specific need? Then it had better deliver. In addition to carrying out the agreement, there are natural emotions and hiccups along the way, including: Buyers remorse New influencers and decision makers Resentment or aggression Distrust Failure to build value Ian Lurie of Portent, Inc. describes the post-sale risks perfectly in the following graph: While his example was specific to marketing agencies, every customer goes through a post-sale evaluation of their purchase. Failure on your part to keep commitments and continue to drive home value opens the door for your competition to get the next sale. So what should you be doing to keep the customer? For many businesses, this may mean tailoring content for multiple departments in charge of project delivery, customer service and long-term customer relationship building. Here are recommendations for each of these three key areas, and some examples of companies doing it best. #1 Project Delivery For most business, going back to keeping your commitments falls on the project delivery team. Think of the software, medical or finance industries with a robust sales staff and defined sales process. Often a closed deal is passed to an account manager. And then, unfortunately, a client is often  underwhelmed because the focus is more on the initial sale rather than project delivery. Since most customers have an established and trusted relationship with the sales representative and not the project delivery team, content marketing can help with this sensitive transition between sales and project delivery, helping you  meet a customers expectations and keep them for the long-term. How do you do this? Building Trust With Customers The last thing you want is for your customers to not trust you after youve made the sale. Distrust stems from a variety of circumstances, such as confusion with your service delivery or perhaps a poor experience with your type of business in the past. Content helps lessen any growing  doubt by establishing credibility and initial trust with the prospect. For example, our agency provides our clients with a tip sheet to making web design projects run smoothly. While many of the tips may seem obvious, it positions us as a serious firm that is dedicated to delivering work on time and on budget. It helps customers trust us. Addressing Customer Inquiries How many times have you scrolled through a lengthy FAQ page and never found  an answer? An ideal customer is one that is proactive in educating themselves, so your content marketing should at least  help a customer do that. Free graphic design tool Canva is great at proactively addressing customer questions, taking their help beyond the basic FAQ page. Their DESIGN 101 newsletter guides beginner users on how to create new designs, ultimately drawing them back to the Canva site. While this is a free tool, educating users after their initial sign up keeps the hype alive and more signups coming in. Off the shelf answers like this not only immediately address customer inquiries but save time for the project delivery team. Do more than provide customers with an FAQ. Use email and blog content to help them learn.Does Your Customer Understand The Features? Some of your customers may be purchasing your service or product for the very first time. While the sales process sells the customer on features and expected outcomes, that doesn’t mean that  theyll immediately know how to handle what they just purchased. You will probably have to help them out quite a bit after the sale. For example, You Need A Budget. (YNAB) simplifies their budgeting platform through a library of tutorial videos on how to effectively use their service. Instead of crafting an FAQ and calling it a day, YNAB repurposes many of their customers’ top concerns and questions into video to continue use of the product. If the client does not use the product, they wont see much value in it. Ongoing content ensures continuous usage. Customers purchase based on features and what should happen. They will need help to MAKE it happen.Pointing Out New Needs Upselling is hard, but crucial for service-focused companies  that want to  maintain a viable business. Essentially, you have to be on the lookout to upsell.  A great way to do this is to re-convert existing customers by continuously responding to market demands and creating new product features. For example, when Twitter was rolling out their own advertising platform, Twitter for Business, they partnered with other social media gurus on webinars to educate current Twitter users on social media best practices. By covering new trends in social media, Twitter not only promoted their brand, they upsold Twitter ads. A current customer is still a potential customer. Are you ready to re-convert them to new features?#2 Customer Service In an ideal world, you gathered enough information  in the initial sales process that you’re prepared to react to any client objections, problems or questions. In reality, this isn’t usually  the case. While your established processes, tools, and people have a large impact on the success of customer service, content marketing can also play a role in reducing customer frustration and abandonment. In other words, your content can be that bridge that cross that gap. Addressing Customer Emergencies Customer emergencies are where customer service can either excel or crash and burn. The horror stories of unprofessional and unhelpful customer service departments are shared all over the web. To create a responsive customer service environment, it is important to make sure they have  useful content they can refer to and share with customers. This content might be in the form of informational one-sheets, downloadable help guides, videos or social media that can take some weight off their shoulders when an extraordinary issue arises. A common case study in poor customer service is the airline industry- and the gold standard is Virgin America. Before content marketing was a bonafide strategy, Virgin America’s safety video took a typical safety message  and revamped it for their customers. Delta is doing something similar with their safety videos, too.  I see flight attendants as an interesting mix between safety guards and customer service- this video marries the two in an entertaining way. Solving Common Product Issues Even if you believe your product or service delivery is 100% foolproof, any time  a customer has to handle any part of the execution, chances are theyll run into some issues. Based on how many customers you have, this can become overwhelming for customer service to manage. Similar to creating content internally, many companies are opting to put the content creation in their customers hands. Enabling customers with tools like community forums and knowledge bases is a great way to use content to build customer service (not to mention the SEO benefits). Moz is a perfect example of communities that use  the expertise of their clients to help  new ones. Continuing To Build Trust Remember the importance of building trust during project management? Customer service keeps that foundation secure. Customer mistrust can stem from many occurrences- product recalls, poor media coverage, buggy features, and unsatisfactory delivery–just to name a few. Social media is a perfect tool for a customer service team as long as proper training and processes are in place. Even if you prefer email to handle most of your customers questions, social media can keep you in front of  your followers in a personal way. Dan Norris of WPCurve is an excellent example of continuing to build trust with his potential network. While he lets his service delivery team handle all customer communication, his Twitter followers receive company updates and accomplishments to drive home trust in using WPCurve. Explaining Sensitive Issues Personal concerns and sensitive topics may play out in a business transaction. Its never fun having difficult conversations with a customer, but content can help ease anxieties and keep a project on task. The Vanguard Blog takes the formality and nerves out of personal issues like investment, retirement planning and tax planning through the expertise of Vanguard employees. By publishing blog posts based on common issues and conversations they have with their clients, theyre helping the greater community in handling complex and sensitive issues. #3 Customer Advocacy Within your client base, there are a small percentage of customers who truly love what you do and want to tell people about it. This is a marketers dream, as word of mouth still reigns supreme. Building a customer advocacy base takes a lot of time, but building content that enables your current supporters is a good starting point. Continuing Product Loyalty Once a sale is complete, that doesnt mean your customer is 100% guaranteed to re-purchase when the time comes. Whether it takes days, weeks, months or years for a re-purchase, content can keep your business top of mind when the timing is right. Copyblogger offers membership-only access to third party companies such as New Rainmaker and ongoing discounts to events and training. Their members also receive access to advanced articles, webinars and their community forum for paid members. Continuously providing value after a membership is purchased reminds the customer when theyre ready to renew how invaluable their service has been. Even if your business is not a membership-type business, you can still create a membership feel with exclusive content only available to current or past customers.

Aspect Hypothesis in Relation to Languages Essay

Aspect Hypothesis in Relation to Languages - Essay Example In addition to this, the types and sub types of aspect hypothesis will be established and for each, several examples of inherent, as well as, grammatical aspects in English and Arabic will be provided. A further explanation will be offered to clarify on why the chosen examples, in addition to, how these examples relate to each other.Considering the literal Arabic (Ø §Ã™â€žÃ™ Ã˜ µÃ˜ ­Ã™â€°, al-Fusha), the research of the findings of the research conducted by Barber indicates that the verb is constituted by two aspect tenses (532). These constituents include both the perfective as well as the imperfective. However, there are quite a number of controversial disagreements among the grammarians and, as such, they do not agree as to whether a distinction should be viewed as distinction in aspect or tense or even both. In English, what is considered as the past verb ((Ù Ã˜ ¹Ã™â€ž Ù…Ø §Ã˜ ¶Ã™Å , fi'l maadiy) is used to denote a particular verb (Ø ­Ã˜ ¯Ã˜ «, hadath), which was comple ted a long time ago or even in the near past (Barber 536). However, it indicates nothing regarding the relation of this event that took place in the past to the present status. One of the best examples to illustrate this is the phrase† he arrived† (ÙˆØ µÃ™â€ž", wasala). The phrase was a clear indication of the arrival occurring in the past (Ayres 29). However, it does not provide any sort of information regarding the present status of the person who has arrived (Altman 589). It may be that the person stayed around or he turned and left. In addition to this, the phrase does not indicate.

ADVOCACY LETTER TO DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Essay

ADVOCACY LETTER TO DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION - Essay Example Students with special needs or those who are mentally/ physically retarded, require special attention. Their care and concern should be kept at the highest priority. Expecting these children to study side by side normal children who do not require any special needs shatters their confidence. In such environments normal children often mock about the children with special needs. As stated in ‘Educational Needs’ (n.d.), the specific issues that may affect a special child’s learning are: In spite the fact the children with special needs are often far more intelligent than normal children, it is just a particular manner in which they need to be dealt with in order to prove their mettle and enable their skills to nurture and prosper. If the learning needs of these children are properly addressed, their level of literacy, self- help skills, mobility, confidence and orientation can all be polished to mature levels. This further on, enables these citizens to become contributing and productive citizens of the society. The Solution to the above mentioned grave concerns is the devising of a plan that would be in the best interest of the student in the educational process. Special education services can be formulated that suit every individual child’s particular needs. A Special Education Advocate can be assigned some like natured special children. A Special Education Advocate’s primary responsibilities are the caring of the basic rights of the children with special needs. Once kids are assigned with a Special Education Advocate it becomes easier for schools to organize the special children. A Good Special Education Advocate is well versed in the legal issues pertaining to the rights of a special child. This assists each person connected to the child to be able to realize the laws regarding the handling of the child. These advocated have the ability to search specific legal issues that may be central to a child’s particular case

Travel Let People Be More Understanding Essay Example for Free

Travel Let People Be More Understanding Essay Traveling is an excellent opportunity to go beyond the boundaries of own country. International tourism enables to open new corners of the world and get familiar with unique unknown cultures, which are multiple on the Universe. Yet, what is more important, traveling allows people not to just enlarge the physical limits of regular existence, but it also widens the outlook and even shapes the existing values by showing how others live and perceive the world.   Ã‚   There exist different types of international tourism – leisure tourism, business travel, medical travel, and historical travel. Leisure travel allows people to go to different usually exotic places (Africa, South East Asia etc.) and have a rest there enjoying the seaside, the sun, beautiful beaches. Business travel supposes that a person visits other countries on business trips. Nowadays, medical traveling is becoming more and more popular. People go abroad to cure from certain diseases or simply enhance there health. Finally, the main purpose of historical tourism is to see the historical heritage of the country. Such a trip supposes multiple excursions to different places of interest of the particular country. However, no matter what is the main purpose of traveling abroad, visiting other country opens new boundaries before the person, which reflect in the different things.   Ã‚   First of all, trip abroad enables people to get familiar with new things – geography, culture, history of the visiting place. This upraises the educational level of the person and enhances self-consciousness of him. For example, we all know that Egypt is famous for its pyramids that are thousands years old. Those pyramids are the foremost glory and distinction of the country. However, not all knows how much effort and human lives were put into those constructions. Only seeing those giants own self, it is possible to understand the real value of human life. Seeing those pyramids, one can realize that his life is nothing compared to thousands year old stone. Such important revelation very often makes people reflect on what they do in their life and how much time they have on this world to do something valuable unless they go away. Another relevant example is Turkey. We used to think that Turkey is a great resort with its wonderful beaches and sea. Yet, on coming to Turkey one gets a chance to see exciting historical places, cause Turkey is the place where there are traces of all three major religions – Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. Thus, we can see that international tourism helps to raise educational level and the level of self-consciousness of a person.   Ã‚   Secondly, traveling enables to form own objective point of view independent of those, which are based on TV programs, journal and newspaper articles, radio broadcasts etc. For instance, Pico Iyer (2002) assures that Arab population is not as evil as American officials portray it. All the media has been stating and convincing other countries that Arabs are terrorist and Americans have to fear them. Moreover, special campaign was even launch to assure that the war against terrorist was the only mean to save and help the nations where this terrorism originated. Yet, as author tells, he was greatly surprised visiting   Bolivia, Vietnam, India and other countries to hear that the those nations are actually against American’s decision to initiate the war. Being â€Å"locked† within the borders of one territory, it is impossible to get a clear picture and understand how others perceive you nation and your country, cause mass media might interpret the events and the opinions according to its own benefit. Thus, only visiting other countries, it is possible to get an objective panorama of everything that is going on in the world. Giving the example of Iyer, international traveling enables Americans to tell other nations that USA is not an evil.   Ã‚   To the third, traveling enables to get rid of certain prejudices that might exist in society in the form of â€Å"common opinion†. Again, as Iyer (2002) states, when he took his mother to Syria, she was very pleasantly surprised to realize that this country was much friendlier, much cleaner and more well-off that she previously thought of. It happens very often when we derive our opinion from certain common sources and form a stereotype and prejudice concerning the thing. Thus, traveling destroys stereotypes and creates more space for us to let in other opinions, views, thoughts. Ultimately, it helps us to be more receptive, more attentive and more tolerant to other cultures, to other opinions, which can be different from ours.   Ã‚   Finally, traveling influences the behavior of people. When one goes to China or Japan and gets exposed to this unique special culture, get to know the beliefs and habits of those people, there is always a temptation to follow the example. Watching the very ascetic Japanese man who can sleep on the mattress and eat only seafood, the thought about the excessive exuberance and its unimportance arises itself. Thus, the habit of living luxuriously might change into a habit of living according to the need. When observing how brave and enduring the peoples of Latin America are, the desire of being like them, fighting to the last comes instantly. Thus, traveling is able to change the whole behavior of a person.   Ã‚   To   conclude, it is important to say that traveling doesn’t simply allow to go beyond the border of the country of residence, but it also allows to go far beyond the limits of traditional thinking and mind. Exposing one to different cultures, vies, beliefs, traveling changes people’s values, behavior, destroy stereotypes and widens general outlook. The summarized benefits that traveling gives are the following: Deeper and wider outlook – new knowledge, new insights; Possibility to form personal objective rather than subjective opinion concerning different things based on own experience; Destruction of prejudices and ability to become more flexible and receptive; Gain of new patterns of behavior, new personal qualities.       References Butler R. â€Å"Contemporary Issues in Tourism Development† Routledge, London, 1999- Cooper C. â€Å"Tourism at the Age of Globalization† Routledge, London, 2001 Pico Iyer â€Å"The necessity of Travel† 2002. Jan.27, 2007 http://www.tourismofindia.com/misc/newstravelnecessity.htm

Comparing Hurricane Hits England and Blessing :: English Literature

Comparing Hurricane Hits England and Blessing The narrator in Hurricane Hits England is Grace Nichols who was born in the Carrribean and the narrator in Blessing is perhaps a person in a country suffering drought, probably in Central Africa. I know this by the way that she describes the conditions â€Å"‘silver’ crashes to the ground† and â€Å"the sudden rush of fortune† this suggests that water is given value (silver) And she or her friends or family must know and may have experienced these conditions earlier in her life. Hurricane Hits England has seven stanzas of variously numbered lines. They are very short therefore snappy and add impact to the piece. It keeps you drawn to the poem as it does not have long lines which sometimes have less meaning than these short lines in the poem. Blessing has four stanzas of medium length lines. The poem is laid out so that it carries on flowing; like water. Lots of devices attract you to the poem including: sibilance, alteration, personification, metaphors and onomatopoeia. These can appeal to the reader’s five senses and add impact to keep the reader interested in the piece. There are lots of rhetorical questions in Hurricane Hits England, as if the narrator is asking or pleading to Huracan, Oya, Hattie and Shango (Gods of wind, thunder. Hattie: A famous Caribbean hurricane. The language in both poems is very different; Blessing uses lots of devices and techniques to add imagery to the poem. Such as onomatopoeia: â€Å"The small splash† â€Å"Imagine the drip of it† â€Å"Silver crashes to the ground.† Blessing also uses similes â€Å"The skin cracks like a pod† personification â€Å"as the blessing sings† and a few times alliteration â€Å"flow has found† â€Å"sometimes, the sudden rush† â€Å"polished to perfection.† A metaphor is used in the middle of the poem â€Å"silver crashes to the ground† this is a good line as it also includes onomatopoeia. There is also sibilance â€Å"small splash† and some ambiguous lines. There are a few cases of enjambment and lots of cases of imagery in both poems. However, Hurricane Hits England uses a different approach, using carefully crafted pairs of adjectives to create lots of imagery and appeal to the reader’s senses. â€Å"howling ship† â€Å"gathering rage† There is lots of strong adjectives â€Å"reaping, ancestral, crusted, craving† There is also a simile â€Å"falling heavy as whales† Lots of rhetorical questions are asked â€Å"Tell me why you visit an English coast?† â€Å"Even as you short circuit us into further darkness?† What is the meaning of reaping havoc in new places?† These make you wonder who the narrator is talking to. She talks to Gods in the poem

Red Badge of Courage Essay

â€Å"The central thrust of the Red Badge of Courage is directed towards the puncturing of Henry Fleming’s youthful range of illusions. † â€Å"Our inescapable conclusion concerning Red Badge of Courage is that Fleming is as deluded as the novel ends as he is when he first joins the Union Forces. † Which of the above assessments of the development of Henry Fleming’s character do you feel comes closest to the truth? In your answer you should Consider the arguments for and against accepting the question’s assertions; Bring to bear knowledge of external critical opinion on the issue; Look at contextual aspects of the novel in relation to the topic under consideration. ANSWER I feel that both these arguments show strong opinions and though both show a critical view of Henry Fleming, they are opposing views. The first statement seems to come closest to the truth in that the narrator uses irony to mock and deride Henry yet at the same time he feels a certain affinity with him also. Statement two is a conclusion but not inescapable as Henry, although still deluded, is not as deluded as he was at the time he joined the Union Army. In choosing statement one to be the truer of the two I have come to the conclusion that the narrator is being used as a figure who mocks Henry’s egotism and self deception on one hand then shows sympathy on the other. Stephen Crane uses the narrator to tell the story from a third party point of view and therefore can use this to get his points across. This use of third parties belies Crane’s own experiences of death and mutilation both in his private life with the death of his siblings and in the stories, pictures and photographs he has seen whilst researching the book. It is possible, Stephen Crane had read General Ulysses S Grant’s memoirs and also â€Å"Battles and Leaders of the Civil War†, which was a very popular and factual compendium of four books at the time and he no doubt saw Mathew B Brady’s photographs of the Civil War in these also. The novel is a naturalistic human- interest story but Crane uses the experiences of ordinary soldiers who fought during the Civil War to get the feel of how young men were forever changed by their experiences. Crane cleverly uses contrasts to show how Henry feels at differing times, using monster images to show how active an imagination Henry has, for example to describe a column of men, â€Å"two serpents crawling from the cavern of night†. Crane also uses nature and colour to show contrasts, with constant references to how the sky looks and the fact that â€Å"Mother Nature† still goes on regardless of anything that puny men can do to themselves, for example â€Å"a river, amber tinted in the shadow of its banks, purled at the army’s feet, and at night, when the stream had become of a sorrowful blackness, one could see across it the red, eye-like gleam of hostile campfires†¦ † Phrases like â€Å"A fair field holding life. †¦ It would die if its timid eyes were compelled to see blood† and â€Å"He conceived nature to be a woman with a deep aversion to tragedy† all show Henry’s wonderment at the fact that nature can carry on despite what happens, and at times the narrator sometimes unfairly mocks Henry for this. As the story develops and we see how Henry deals with the harsh realities of war the use of symbols becomes more developed, with Henry seeing the darker sides to war and death. This is when, I feel, the narrator becomes sympathetic to Henry as he tries to reconcile himself with the terrible things he has seen and done. The narrator give the most sympathy to Henry when he gets lost in the woods and finds a dead man, â€Å"horror-stricken by the sight of a thing† and again when he meets up with Jim Conklin and watches as he dies. Paradoxically he mocks when Henry’s thoughts turn to death and the hope that he â€Å"would be understood† in the afterlife. When Henry celebrates victory too soon and then runs away and when Henry leaves the tattered man to die despite staying with Jim whilst he died. After Henry returns to his own camp and Wilson tends his wound he gets very defensive if anyone mentions his absence or his wound, to the point of him thinking of blackmailing Wilson with the return of his letters and the narrator here shows how Henry is feeling superior yet benevolent, thinking himself the better for not being able to conjure up a scathing remark and how his self justification makes him pompous, devious and condescending. Henrys illusions are punctured again when after bravely fighting, he hears the veterans laughing at him, which only provokes him to further prove his own worth on the battlefield. His perception of the battle is now coloured by the â€Å"brotherhood of battle. † The second claim, is wrong in that Henry is not as deluded as he was, he has fought his demons and come out on the other side, not perfect, but able to realise that he has done dreadful things and he will have to live with them. Crane uses this discovery of self to great aplomb as he makes Henry question himself in the final chapter. Henry has a totally selfish and biased view of the world at the start, which slowly unravels as the story goes on. Crane uses the narrator to give us an insight into Henry’s mind by verbalising his thoughts and giving the narrators view of his actions. This in turn helps us to see the turmoil that Henry faces both within fighting the war and within himself. He turns out to despise his early blusterings and convinces himself that he has matured fully. Although this is not true, he has matured to some extent by being able to see the flaws in his character. Henry still romanticises himself and his surroundings but his personal battle between his consious fear and his desire to become a hero has been won. When Henry joined up he believed that he would become a great hero and that he would win great battles, he of course had never even seen a battle except those that went on in his head. He boasts and brags, to himself, about how brave he is going to be yet he turns and runs once the realities of the fighting become apparent. Through his experiences he slowly comes to terms with the fact that war is bloody and cruel And when his friend shows weakness he stores the information to use at a later date – something he later cannot do. To justify all that he has done he thinks † it had been necessary for him to swallow swords that he might have a better throat for grapes. Fate had, in truth been kind to him. † And to justify leaving the tattered man â€Å"he exclaimed that its importance in the aftertime would be great to him if it even succeeded in hindering the workings of his egotism. † Critics of Stephen Crane have both blasted this story as utter rubbish and Crane’s usage of the third party narrator as him trying to write a biography. General McClurg, when this book was published blasted it as blatant lies. His soldiers would never act like that in such a base manner. McClurg himself fought in the Civil War but being a general was not of course in the front lines of the battle. Many of the men who were, swore that they had fought with Stephen Crane even though he was not born until after the Civil War had ended. Such was the reality of the story to those people. The people who thought that this story was an analogy for Stephen Crane’s life based this assumption on these claims, so therefore, Stephen Crane must know of the battle mindset. Personally I think that Crane had heard so many stories of the war he could picture himself there and could imagine how a young boy would feel going through these experiences. Rather like modern stories penned by writers for television and films. I believe that Crane has shown himself to be a psychological realist in writing this piece and that each reader takes from it what they want in relation to their own experiences and knowledge. Perhaps this was a biographical piece and Crane used Henry to show his own delusions. On discussion of this piece, both within a classroom setting and using discussion groups on computer, I have read and heard many differing views of Henry. These views vary depending on the critic’s age. Many young people see him as egotistical, judgemental and self absorbed whilst mature students see him as just like most teenagers, too young to be able to see the big picture. Henry may be deluded but like most people once maturity sets in delusions become lessened as experience is gained. In conclusion I feel that statement 1 is true because the story develops many internal storylines one of which is the puncturing of Henry Fleming’s youthful range of illusions, of which he has many. Statement 2 on the other hand seems true because Henry is deluded to a certain extent. This is one definite statement with no real detail behind it, the author of it seems to be assuming that Henry can not or will not change.

Chromatography for Protein Purification

Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY of SINGAPORE Chemical Engineering Process Laboratory II Experiment B2 Chromatography for Protein Purification Name Matric No. Group : : : Date of Expt. : GRADE : A. Learning objectives 1. 2. 3. 4. Establish chromatographic assay to determine protein concentrations in a mixture. Appreciate the importance of resolution in protein chromatography. Understand the tension between purity and yield in protein chromatography. Understand the importance of mass balance closure in protein purification.B. Introduction I. Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC) High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the workhorse for any biopharmaceutical protein downstream processing train, featuring at least twice within the train. You must recall experiencing the HPLC in one of the experiments in your CN2108 module. Read up on the essential parts of the HPLC system. In this experiment, you will use a modification of the HPLC, the FPLC (Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography System) to separate and purify a mixture of two proteins.The FPLC has been developed to specifically take advantage of the resolution capability of the HPLC for protein purification and collection. II. Concepts in LC When a mixture of proteins is injected into an LC column, the proteins interact with the stationary phase based on their respective chemistries and move through the column at different speed. Based on this differential migration, the proteins elute from the end of the column at different times and therefore become separated. This process is usually facilitated by following the proteins with a mobile phase.Although the protein mixture will have entered as a narrow, concentrated peak, it will exit dispersed and diluted by the mobile phase. This is called bandspreading. Bandspreading (which is an inverse indication of the column efficiency) must be minimized especially for large-scale protein purification. When bandspreading is severe, the proteins may not be sufficiently resolved within a reasonable time-frame. The degree of separation of one component from another is referred to as the resolution (RS), determined based on equation 1 (refer to Fig. 1): RS = VB ? V A 0. (W A + WB ) †¦Eqn. (1) Injection wA VA VB wB Figure 1. Typical protein chromatogram Note that resolution can also be defined based on retention times, instead of volumes. There are various ways to improve resolution, the most straightforward of which is to vary the mode of elution – isocratic versus gradient. Both of these modes are based on the strength of the mobile phase, which directly affects the interactions between the proteins and the stationary phase. In protein chromatography, it is desirable to have high yield as well as high purity of the collected fraction.Yield is the amount of a protein collected as a fraction of the total amount of the same protein fed, while purity is a measure of how much of that protein is in the fraction collected. C. Experimental I. Protein Quantification You will design an experiment to obtain the calibration curves for the two proteins provided using FPLC. You are provided with the following for this experiment: 1. An FPLC system which has been properly set up and equilibrated. You only need to inject 100  µL of each of your samples, and your data will be recorded and analysed by the computer.Note the profile of the mobile phase programmed. 2. A protein mixture containing two proteins (S1 and S2) at concentrations of 1. 0 mg/mL each. II. Protein Purification and Collection You are to perform a chromatographic purification of 1mL of the protein mixture provided. You can expect the chromatogram shown in Fig. 2. Myoglobin Lysozyme Figure 2. Chromatogram of two proteins from FPLC Based on Figure 2, you are to conduct the following: 1. Collect one fraction of the highest yield that is 100% pure S1, and the balance in another fraction. 2.Collect one fraction containing a s much of S1 fed as possible. D. Discussion 1. 2. Briefly describe the experiment that you designed in CI. Explain your choice of the collection times for each of your collection in experiment CII. Determine the yield and purity of each of your collected fractions. Perform a material closure for each of CII (1) and CII (2). Based on your results in (2) above, rationalize the importance of resolution in chromatographic separations. Given the tension between yield and purity, which, in your opinion, is more crucial, yield or purity?How do you propose to improve the resolution of S1 and S2 in this chromatographic purification? 3. 4. Useful Notes 1. Reagents: a. Mixture of two proteins b. Mobile phase – 2M ammonium sulfate in 100mM Phosphate buffer pH 7. 0 c. Elution – 100mM Phosphate buffer pH 7. 0 FPLC to be set up with the appropriate parameters: a. detection wavelength at 280nm b. sample loop – 100  µL c. HIC column for protein separation. d. mobile phase â₠¬â€œ 2 M ammonium sulfate e. mobile phase flow rate: 1 mL/min f. gradient elution – linear gradient 100% to 0% over 10 column volume. 2.

Free Essays on Solar Storms

Solar Stoms Angel has returned to Adams’s Rib to find her roots. She is a 17-year-old girl in search of her family and most of all, who was her mother Hannah Wing (p 21). This is also a spiritual quest for Angel, yet that is only an observation that I became aware of after reading this novel Solar Storms. This novel begins with Angel’s arrival at Adam’s Rib on Tinselman’s Ferry (p21). We are given a small history of the settlers – the British, Norwegians and Swedes. Here the groundwork is being laid out by Linda Hogan on how these lands were shaped, and the importance of the water. We are told of a woman in a canoe appearing out of the fog (p22). Also we are given great detail of the terrain. Angel is on a quest to meet her family and find out who her mother Hannah Wing was. Angel comes to Adam’s Rib at the invitation of her great grandmother, Agnes Irons (p 23). At this point and throughout the novel, Linda Hogan takes great care to show the reader great details of the surroundings so that the reader feels present in the story. Or one with the characters, you can almost smell the fish and tress, see the sky and experience the desolation and barrenness of the land as well as the beauty. We see through this description the simple life people are leading. These people who live off the land. Angel arrives scared, alone with her worldly possessions – two garbage bags (p23). Angel is welcomed by her great grandmother Agnes, who is so happy to see Angel, and caught with great emotion and cries tears of joy at Angel’s arrival (p25). It reminded me of the story of the Prodigal Son from the Bible, and how the father was so filled with joy at his son’s return. Next we are introduced to Dora-Rouge, Angel’s Great Great Grandmother. We are integrated to the way of life in this small town and how people in this small new world of Angel is interconnected – John Husk, Frenchie, Bush, and how these people depen... Free Essays on Solar Storms Free Essays on Solar Storms Solar Stoms Angel has returned to Adams’s Rib to find her roots. She is a 17-year-old girl in search of her family and most of all, who was her mother Hannah Wing (p 21). This is also a spiritual quest for Angel, yet that is only an observation that I became aware of after reading this novel Solar Storms. This novel begins with Angel’s arrival at Adam’s Rib on Tinselman’s Ferry (p21). We are given a small history of the settlers – the British, Norwegians and Swedes. Here the groundwork is being laid out by Linda Hogan on how these lands were shaped, and the importance of the water. We are told of a woman in a canoe appearing out of the fog (p22). Also we are given great detail of the terrain. Angel is on a quest to meet her family and find out who her mother Hannah Wing was. Angel comes to Adam’s Rib at the invitation of her great grandmother, Agnes Irons (p 23). At this point and throughout the novel, Linda Hogan takes great care to show the reader great details of the surroundings so that the reader feels present in the story. Or one with the characters, you can almost smell the fish and tress, see the sky and experience the desolation and barrenness of the land as well as the beauty. We see through this description the simple life people are leading. These people who live off the land. Angel arrives scared, alone with her worldly possessions – two garbage bags (p23). Angel is welcomed by her great grandmother Agnes, who is so happy to see Angel, and caught with great emotion and cries tears of joy at Angel’s arrival (p25). It reminded me of the story of the Prodigal Son from the Bible, and how the father was so filled with joy at his son’s return. Next we are introduced to Dora-Rouge, Angel’s Great Great Grandmother. We are integrated to the way of life in this small town and how people in this small new world of Angel is interconnected – John Husk, Frenchie, Bush, and how these people depen...

Definition and Examples of Voice in Phonetics

Definition and Examples of Voice in Phonetics In phonetics  and phonology, voice refers to the speech sounds produced by the vocal folds (also known as the vocal cords). Also known as voicing. Voice quality refers to the characteristic features of an individuals voice.Voice range (or vocal range) refers to the range of frequency or pitch used by a speaker. Etymology From the Latin call. Examples and Observations John Laver[O]ur social interaction through speech depends on much more than solely the linguistic nature of the spoken messages exchanged. The voice is the very emblem of the speaker, indelibly woven into the fabric of speech. In this sense, each of our utterances of spoken language carries not only its own message, but through accent, tone of voice and habitual voice quality it is at the same time an audible declaration of our membership [in] particular social and regional groups, of our individual physical and psychological identity, and of our momentary mood. The Speech Mechanism Beverly CollinsThe overwhelming majority of sounds found in human speech are produced by an egressive pulmonic airstream, i.e. an outgoing stream of air produced by the lungs contracting (partially collapsing inwards) and thus pushing the air contained within them outwards. This airstream then passes through the larynx (known familiarly as the Adams apple) and along a tube of the complex shape formed by the mouth and nose (termed the vocal tract). A variety of muscles interact to produce changes in the configuration of the vocal tract so as to allow parts of the speech organs to come into contact (or near contact) with other parts, i.e. to articulate. Phoneticians term these anatomical bits and pieces the articulatorshence the term for the branch of science known as articulatory phonetics...The vocal folds (also called the vocal cords) vibrate very rapidly when an airstream is allowed to pass between them, producing what is termed voicethat is, a sort of buzz which one can hear and f eel in vowels and in some consonant sounds. Voicing Peter RoachIf the vocal folds vibrate we will hear the sound that we call voicing or phonation. There are many different sorts of voicing that we can producethink of the differences in the quality of your voice between singing, shouting, and speaking quietly, or think of the different voices you might use reading a story to young children in which you have to read out what is said by characters such as giants, fairies, mice or ducks; many of the differences are made with the larynx. We can make changes in the vocal folds themselvesthey can, for example, be made longer or shorter, more tense or more relaxed or be more or less strongly pressed together. The pressure of the air below the vocal folds (the subglottal pressure) can also be varied [in intensity, frequency, and quality]. The Difference Between Voiced and Voiceless Sounds Thomas P. KlammerTo feel the difference between voiced and voiceless sounds for yourself, place your fingers on your Adams apple and produce first the sound of /f/. Sustain that sound for a few seconds. Now quickly switch to the sound of /v/. You should be able to feel very clearly the vibration that accompanies the sound of /v/, which is voiced, in contrast to the absence of such vibration with /f/, which is voiceless. Voicing is the result of moving air causing the vocal folds (or vocal cords) to vibrate within the larynx behind the cartilage of the Adams apple. This vibration, your voice, is what you feel and hear when you sustain the sound of /v/. Resources Collins, Beverley, and Inger M. Mees.  Practical Phonetics and Phonology: a Resource Book for Students. 3rd ed., Routledge, 2013.Klammer, Thomas P., et al.  Analyzing English Grammar. Pearson, 2007.Laver, John.  Principles of Phonetics. Cambridge University Press, 1994.Roach, Peter.  English Phonetics and Phonology: A Practical Course. 4th ed., Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Leeds Bradford Airport Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Leeds Bradford Airport - Essay Example Primarily, promotion is aimed at informing the clients the existence of a new product or service in the market (Peterson et al, 2010, p.168). It also appeals to the customers that the products and services to be introduced into the market are better that the ones that have been existence. A number of procedures are available that can be used by the organization to help win customers to its new flight services. These include advertisement, sales promotion, public relations, publicity, and personal selling (Harper, 2003, p.108). An effective promotion by the new budget airline will require an integration of these different approaches into the operations of the organization. Advertisement Advertisement refers to providing information to the targeted clients on the availability of new services in the market. It also appeals to the customers by pointing out the desirable qualities of the new services that distinguishes them from other services available in the market. Advertisement can be done through different media. These include print media (newspapers and magazines), television, radio, internet, or public service advertising. In choosing the medium to use for advertisement of services, the company has to understand the medium that is common among the targeted customers (Harper, 2003, p.109). ... About 40% of the funds need to be set aside for advertisement in television. A larger proportion of the targeted customers are adults engaged in some activities during the day. Thus, these advertisements should be aired out in the evenings. Newspapers and magazines are also common and are effective in providing other details like the flight schedules. This medium should receive 20% of the advertisement funds. Many people have access to radio. However, the advertisement through radio is often less reliable since most people listen to radio while they are attending to other things. Drawing their attention to an advertisement may not succeed and it would require that the advertisement be replicated several times in order to e effective. This medium should be allocated 10% of the funds. The internet is increasing its popularity especially among the young adults and middle-aged individuals. It is more likely that the clients who would use the flight services have access to, and uses, inte rnet services. Internet advertisement should take 20% of the advertisement funds. The remaining 10% should be used for other advertisement means like direct mails to potential clients. Sales promotion Sales promotion activities involve providing incentives to the clients of the company to improve on the sales of the services. Sales promotion involves activities like promotional sports competition, sweepstakes, and sales coupons. One promotion initiative that can be used by the organization is to sponsor some annual or seasonal sports activity like soccer tournament for youths below the age of 23 years in the UK. Besides, the company should issue its flight tickets at much lower

Field observation essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Field observation - Essay Example The protagonist in the narrative presents the reader with a view of American teenage life that is both touching, but also alarming in its suggestion that teenagers feel alienated and insecure throughout their high school years. These feelings are perhaps amplified when the teenager is even more â€Å"different† than usual – from another culture, or identified as something other than mainstream, white, upper class American. Being an outsider, and always striving for acceptance but never finding it, is something which every American teenager may experience. But the personal experience of the narrator of the novel, and its resonances in the personal life of this writer from the basis of this essay. The First Person writing style stems from this exploration of personal opinions and reactions to the novel, â€Å"Prep†. The first and perhaps most predictable point of identification I had with the novel â€Å"Prep† is with the character, Sin-Jun. Sin-Jun is described as being from Korea, and the narrator comments that, â€Å"Like me, Sin-Jun had no friends.† (Sittenfeld, p.10) Superficially, since my background is also Korean – I have lived in the United States now for 6 years – this character is one with whom I should identify. I arrived in the United States when I was in Junior High, and graduated high school here. The difficulties I experienced when I first arrived could be paralleled by some of the experiences Sin-Jun is described as having. Perhaps the description of the squid Sin-Jun keeps in her locker, and her roommates’ reaction to its smell, as well as Sun-Jin’s sexual preferences are too radically removed from my personal experience to allow close comparisons but in one area I am able to identify with her strongly. Language is certainly one of the primary difficulties when you are trying to adapt to a new school. If your language is absolutely not understood by anyone

How convincing is Porter's model of national competitive advantage in Essay - 1

How convincing is Porter's model of national competitive advantage in explaining the workings and achievements of major nation - Essay Example The claims are based on the total percentage of the entire exports across the entire globe and their relation to the three nations (Hill, 2009). This is an evidence of how Porter created a convincing analysis on his view on national competitiveness. In explaining the national business systems, Porter analyses national business systems by reviewing their input in the global market. He argues that the more exports a nation make the more significance it has in the global market(Thompson, 2004).This way of reviewing national business systems is preferable when comparing the output of nations in the global market. According to Thompson (2004) this method may be however, biased since not all national business systems are based on exports. The author further argues that they are nations with greater G.D.Ps and have very stable economic systems and they have less input in the international market (Thompson, 2004). In using porter’s way of analysis such nations lacks the international standard of competitive advantage. This assumption has created a Porter system that only recognizes the financial stable nations on the global market (Uchida & Cook, 2005). Porter uses the national diamond to show the influence of nations to their local companies. The influence and pressure from a nation will be a great determinant on whether or not the organizations attain an international competitive advantage. Nations provide support and resources to specific countries which then generate outstanding products and income. However, analysts argue that this diamond structure is usually biased depending on mutual agreement by both parties. For instance, an organization may enter into a deal with a government to share a certain percentage of their profits in exchange for support and resources. In such a scenario the market becomes unbalanced (Smit, 2010). However, this strategy is used by states to strengthen their international market significance. In an argument by Smit (2010) the g reater the significance in the international market the greater income through partnerships and revenues. The author further argues that, state governments use the national diamond to help the nation gain greater competitive advantage in the international market. This automatically raises the economic status of an organization. In support of the national diamond strategy, Porter claims that it improves specialization and the quality of goods produced in a country (Schott, 2004). He gave an example with Denmark and its influence in the global market in terms of export of insulin. The Danish government has significantly alleviated the production of insulin and treatment of diabetes in the country. It has provided resources, diplomatic and economic support for this project (Peng, 2009). The impact of this move is significant to the whole industry. Denmark is the leading exporter of insulin in the globe. Minus the support from the government this achievement would not have been possible (Peng, 2009). In Holland there is a premier research institute which focuses on cultivation, shipping and packaging of flowers. This project is almost a sole project of the Holland government that is supplied with resources and labor from the body. After this intervention Holland has become the leading exporter of flowers in the globe (Salvatore, 2002). This shows how great significance government support is on an organization. However, Porter

Protective Role of Isolated Rat Hepatocytes Against CCL4

Protective Role of Isolated Rat Hepatocytes Against CCL4 DISCUSSION CCl4, Paracetamol and Anti-tubercular drugs cause ROS mediated cellular damage especially in liver, the site of metabolism of these drugs. During the regular physiological functioning the cells/tissues/organs use oxygen and various nutrients to generate energy. The free radicals are also generated in this process as the reaction intermediates. These free radicals may be very useful because they may promote beneficial oxidative processes. However the higher quantities of such radicals like superoxide anion (O2à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·), NOà ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ · radical, and hydroxyl ion radical (à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·OH), NOOà ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·, etc. may interact with the membrane lipids leading to lipid peroxidation and attack the DNA resulting DNA strand breaks. The lipid peroxidation also damage cell membrane resulting in the leakage of enzymes into the blood stream. Therefore the elevated biochemical levels are treated as biochemical markers of tissue damage. In addition the extent of lipid peroxidation is d irectly proportional to the tissue damage [Devasagayam et al., 2003]. There are certain inbuilt protective mechanisms, tissue enzymes GSH, SOD, CAT etc. which are involved in the process of combating free radical induced tissue damage. Over powering the inbuilt protective mechanism due to excessive generation of free radicals may lead to destruction of the tissues/organs [Tiwari, 2001]. Antioxidants are the chemical constituents, which are used for inhibiting the tissue damage by countering the free radicals; most of the antioxidants available in the markets are from natural origin e.g. vit-E, vit-C, tocopherol, quercetine, à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ ¢-carotene etc. In addition there are reports that polyphenolic compounds like flavonoids, tannins are useful as antioxidants and organ protectants. Therefore many researchers are attempting to screen the herbs and herbal preparations containing polyphenolic compounds for organ protective properties. Mruthunjaya, 2008 in his study reported the presence of very high amount of polyphenols and gallic acid, a well known potent antioxidant [Gow- chin et al, 2002] as an important constituent of the roots of a widely grown plant L. inermis. He also reported the antioxidant and in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of L. inermis root extract against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. So in the present study L.inermis was selected f or investigating the in vivo and in vitro hepatoprotective activity against drugs induced hepatotoxicity. Before screening the test extract for in vivo hepatoprotective activity the extract was subjected to the acute toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines 425 (limit test). The LIALC was found safe up to 2000 mg/kg as evident by the absence of mortality in the treated group. Hence, 1/10th (200 mg/kg) and 1/7th (300 mg/kg) of the safe dose were selected for the in vivo study. In vitro hepatoprotective Screening In the present study, isolated rat hepatocytes were used. The objective of this study was to confirm the protective role of test extracts against CCl4 induced hepatocytes damage. The CCl4 metabolized in (liver) endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria with the formation of CCl3O (unstable complex radical), by CYT P-450. The nascent oxygen O resulted via lipoperoxidation causes rise in intracellular reactive Fe2+ ions, aldehyde and depletion of GSH, and calcium sequestration. Oxidative CCl3O, also by direct covalent interaction induces degeneration in Ca2+ sequestration. Failure into sequestration result in increased intercellular Ca2+, aggregation by proteolytic enzymes and cause an increase in Fe2+ ions, which in turn by lipid peroxidation precipitates aldehyde cytotoxicity [Zimmerman Hayman, 1976, Agarwal et. al., 1983]. Due to this membrane integrity is lost ultimately leading to necrosis. The loss of membrane integrity can be measured by Trypan blue exclusion assay in which the viable cells exclude the dye whereas dead cell take up the dye owing to the alteration in membrane permeability. Due to loss of membrane integrity cytosolic enzymes are leaked into media and the measurement of these cytoplasmic enzymes in the media serves as ideal markers for evaluating the extent of hepatocyte injury and protection offered by extracts. From the results it was apparent that both LIALC and LIAQ protect the hepatocytes against CCl4 damage as evident by the reversal of cell death and inhibition leakage of cytosolic enzymes. As discussed earlier this strong hepatoprotective activity of LIALC might be due presence of polyphenols and gallic acid which are potent free radical scavenging agents and antioxidants [Gow- chin et al, 2002] In vivo hepatoprotective activity Paracetamol (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug and is safe when used in therapeutic doses. However over dosage of Paracetamol is known to be hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic in man and in experimental animals [Parmar et al., 1995]. Paracetamol is a direct hepatotoxin i.e. intoxication is dose dependent and reproducible [Tygstrup et al., 1996]. Exposure of animals to higher doses produces centrilobular or massive hepatic necrosis followed by congestion and failure. The hepatic necrosis is associated with damage to sub cellular organelle including mitochondria. Thus the drug is used as a typical hepatotoxin to produce hepatic failure experimentally [Sing et al., 1999]. At lower doses, about 80% of ingested Paracetamol is eliminated mainly as sulfate and glucoronide conjugates before oxidation and only 5% is oxidized by hepatic CYT P450(CYP2E1) to a highly reactive and toxic electrophile i.e. N-acetyl-p-benzoquineimine (NAPQI). After over dosage of Paracetamol the glucoronidation and sulfation routes become saturated and as a consequence, Paracetamol is increasingly metabolized into NAPQI [Remirez et al., 1995]. Semiquinone radical, one-electron reduction metabolite of NAPQI mediates the cytotoxic effects of NAPQI. Production of these toxic semiquinone radicals is catalyzed by the microsomal CYT P450 reductase. These semiquinone radicals, in turn, can bind directly with cellular macromolecules to produce toxicity or alternatively, the radical can be reoxidized back to their original quinones by donating one electron to molecular oxygen under aerobic conditions. This donation of one electron then generates reduced oxygen radical species and hydroxyl radical. Both semiquinone and oxygen radical are known to be responsible for cytotoxic effects observed with quinones. Also NAPQI is detoxified by glutathione (GSH) to form 3-(GSH-S-yl) acetaminophen. Paracetamol overdose saturates the nontoxic metabolic pathway, i.e. sulfation, glucuronidation, and detoxification of NAPQI by glutathione. The reactive NAPQI may oxidize and arylate cysteinyl thiol group, forming adducts which inhibit the function of cellular proteins. Adducts formation has been demonstrated for a selenium-binding protein, for microsomal subunit of glutamine. Other mechanism, such as oxidation of pyridine nucleotides and lipid peroxidation, may contribute to cell damage by Paracetamol overdose [Tygstrup et al., 1996]. Nevertheless at high doses of Paracetamol, NAPQI can alkylate and oxidize intracellular GSH and protein thiol group, which result in the liver GSH pool depletion and the reactive intermediate reacts with other nucleophilic centers of vital molecules in liver cells leading subsequently to hepatotoxicity. In addition Paracetamol is also shown to directly inhibit cellular proliferation, induce oxidative stress, resulting in lipid peroxidation, deplete ATP levels and alter Ca++ homeostasis; all of these changes are considered potentially fatal to the cell [Sing,. 1999 and Remirez et al., 1995]. Anti-tuberculosis drugs act as inducers of hepatic CYT P450 enzymes. For example, Rifampicin is a potent inducer of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, and Isoniazid induces CYP2E1 [Trevor, 2004 and Vuilleumier et al., 2006]. The induction of CYT P450 enzymes is known to take part in increased drug disposition and development of multi-drug resistance. Xenobiotics, including anti-tubercular drugs, undergo biotransformation in the liver catalyzed by microsomal enzyme systems [Bradford, 2005; Dai et al., 1995and Jeong, 1995]. Because of above reasons, Paracetamol and anti-tubercular drugs cause ROS mediated hepatotoxicity and elevate serum enzymes levels like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, LDH and Bilirubin content in animals following administration of anti-tubercular drugs or toxic dose of Paracetamol. Also these drugs cause depletion of endogenous antioxidant enzymes like GSH, SOD, CAT etc and abnormal levels of lipid peroxidation products.The results obtained in the present are in accordance with understanding as discussed above. i.e the serum enzymes levels like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, LDH and Bilirubin contents were significantly increased, GSH, SOD, CAT levels in liver depleted and abnormal levels of lipid peroxidation was observed in Paracetamol and anti-tubercular drugs treated animals. Estimation of serum enzymes SGPT is a cytosolic enzyme primarily present in the liver. The level of SGPT in serum increases due to leakage of this cellular enzyme into plasma by hepatic injury [Chenoweth Hake, 1962]. Serum levels of SGPT can increase due to damage of the tissues producing acute hepatic necrosis, such as viral hepatitis and acute cholestasis. Alcoholic liver damage and cirrhosis also can associate with mild to moderate elevation of transaminase [Harsh Mohan, 2002]. SGOT is a mitochondrial enzyme released from heart, liver, skeletal muscle and kidney. Liver toxicity elevated the SGOT level in serum due to the damage to the tissues producing acute necrosis, such as severe viral hepatitis acute cholestasis. Alcoholic liver damage and cirrhosis can also associate with mild to moderate elevation of transaminases [Harsh Mohan, 2002]. In case of toxic liver, ALP levels are very high, which may be due to defective hepatic excretion or by increased production of ALP by hepatic parenchymal or duct cells [Harsh Mohan, 2002]. LIALC reversed these enzyme levels indicating stabilization of cell membrane by preventing the damage due to free radicals generated by Paracetamol and anti-tubercular drugs. Estimation of bilirubin: In case of toxic liver, bilirubin levels are elevated. Hyperbilirubinemia can result from impaired hepatic uptake of unconjugated bilirubin. Such a situation can occur in generalized liver cell injury. Certain drugs (e.g., Rifampin and Probenecid) interfere with the net uptake of bilirubin by the liver cell and may produce a mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia [Rubin, 1995]. Bilirubin level rises in diseases of hepatocytes, obstruction to biliary excretion into duodenum, in haemolysis and defects of hepatic uptake and conjugation of bilirubin pigment such as in Gilbert’s disease [Harsh mohan, 2002]. Significant reversal of elevated bilirubin level in Paracetamol and anti-tubercular drug treated animals by LIALC indicated the strong hepatoprotective activity of LIALC. Estimation of Protein A reduction in total serum protein observed in the Paracetamol and anti-tubercular treated control rats may be associated with the decrease in the number of hepatocytes which in turn might result in decreased hepatic capacity to synthesize protein. But, when the LIALC was administered along with Paracetamol or anti-tubercular drugs a significant increase in protein content was observed indicating the hepatoprotection of LIALC. Estimation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation Cells have a number of mechanisms to protect themselves from the toxic effects of the ROS. SOD removes superoxide (O2) by converting it to H2O2, which can be rapidly converted to water by CAT and Glutathione peroxidase. In addition, a large reserve of reduced glutathione is present in hepatocytes and red blood cells for detoxification of xenobiotics or free radicals. However, oxidative stress results in toxicity when the rate of which the ROS are generated exceeds the cell capacity for their removal. Lipid peroxidation is an autocatalytic process, which is a common consequence of cell death. This process may cause peroxidative tissue damage in inflammation, cancer and toxicity of xenobiotics and aging. MDA is one of the end products in the lipid peroxidation process. In order to elucidate the protection mechanism of LIALC in Paracetamol and anti- tubercular Drugs induced rat liver, lipid peroxide levels and anti-oxidative enzymes activities were analyzed. GSH is widely distributed in cells. GSH is an intracellular reductant and plays a major role in catalysis, metabolism and transport. It protects cells against free radicals, peroxides and other toxic compounds. GSH is a naturally occurring substance that is abundant in many living creatures. It is well known that a deficiency of GSH within living organisms can lead to tissue disorders and injury. For example, liver injury included by consuming alcohol or by taking drugs like Paracetamol, lung injury by smoking and muscle injury by intense physical activity, all are known to be correlated with low tissue level of GSH. The SOD converts super-oxide radicals (O2_) into H2O2 plus O2, thus participating in the enzymatic defense against oxygen toxicity. In this study, SOD plays an important role in the elimination of ROS derived from the peroxidative process of xenobiotics in liver tissues. CAT is the key component of the anti-oxidant defense system .Inhibition of this protective mechanisms result in enhanced sensitivity to free radical induced cellular damage. Administration of LIALC increased the activity of catalase in Paracetamol and anti-tubercular drug induced liver damage to prevent the accumulation of excessive free radicals and thus exhibited protection against Paracetamol and anti-tubercular drug. The observed increase of SOD, CAT and GSH activity in liver suggests that the LIALC extract have an efficient protective mechanism in response to ROS. And also, these findings indicate that LIALC may be associated with decreased oxidative stress and free radical mediated tissue damage. In our study, elevation in the levels of end products of lipid peroxidation in liver of rat treated with Paracetamol and anti- tubercular drugs were observed. The increase in MDA level in liver suggests enhanced lipid peroxidation leading to tissue damage and failure of anti-oxidant defense mechanism to prevent formation of excessive free radicals. Treatment with LIALC significantly reversed these changes. Hence it may be possible that the mechanism of hepatoprotection of LIALC is due to its antioxidant effect. Dept of pharmacology, P.R.R.M college of pharmacy,kadapaPage 1

Mathematics of Lenses and Optical Glass :: Math

Missing figures PROPERTIES OF LENSES, OPTICAL GLASS Composition Glass is a solid, structureless and amorphous. There are two main group classification of optical glass: 1. Crown, and 2. Flint (has a high content of lead oxide) Chemicals are combined to produce new glass types. These new glass types are used to benefit other different types of cameras (such as high-speed minature cameras, black/white cameras, etc). Properties The most important optical characteristics of a glass are its refractive index and its degree of dispersion. Refraction is the phenomenon of a light ray that passes from air to glass or from glass to air, and is deflected from its path when it meets the glass surface at an angle. The glasses magnitude depends on two things: the material of the glass and its wavelength. We can see wavelengths as coloured light from (spectrum colours) red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. An example of this is the refraction of light on a raindrop, where we may see a rainbow. Note, that the shorter the wavelength of the light, the more the ray strikes the glass surface is refracted. Blue and violet rays are deflected more than red rays. The degree of the deflection is a case characterized by a value, the refractive index n. It varies from the different colours of the spectrum. The degree of refraction is given by Snellius's law of refraction: where r is the angle or refraction and i is the angle of incidence The value of n for air is 1.00, water is 1.33, crown glass is 1.46 to 1.72 and flint glass is 1.55 to 1.80. In a camera, light is transmitted by the aperture. It forms on the screen a circle of light which is the image of the object point. When the distance of the screen from the aperture is increased, the image will become larger as well as the diameter of the circle of light (image point). The size of the aperature depends on the diameter of the circle of light from the image. The light that passes the aperature is scattered or diffracted. So, if the aperature is too small, the image may become less sharp because of the scatter of light at the aperature opening. A sharp image must have a aperture large enough to reduce the effects of diffraction to a minimum. Lens Shapes A lens is a glass body bounded by two surfaces centred on the optical axis of the lens. Mathematics of Lenses and Optical Glass :: Math Missing figures PROPERTIES OF LENSES, OPTICAL GLASS Composition Glass is a solid, structureless and amorphous. There are two main group classification of optical glass: 1. Crown, and 2. Flint (has a high content of lead oxide) Chemicals are combined to produce new glass types. These new glass types are used to benefit other different types of cameras (such as high-speed minature cameras, black/white cameras, etc). Properties The most important optical characteristics of a glass are its refractive index and its degree of dispersion. Refraction is the phenomenon of a light ray that passes from air to glass or from glass to air, and is deflected from its path when it meets the glass surface at an angle. The glasses magnitude depends on two things: the material of the glass and its wavelength. We can see wavelengths as coloured light from (spectrum colours) red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. An example of this is the refraction of light on a raindrop, where we may see a rainbow. Note, that the shorter the wavelength of the light, the more the ray strikes the glass surface is refracted. Blue and violet rays are deflected more than red rays. The degree of the deflection is a case characterized by a value, the refractive index n. It varies from the different colours of the spectrum. The degree of refraction is given by Snellius's law of refraction: where r is the angle or refraction and i is the angle of incidence The value of n for air is 1.00, water is 1.33, crown glass is 1.46 to 1.72 and flint glass is 1.55 to 1.80. In a camera, light is transmitted by the aperture. It forms on the screen a circle of light which is the image of the object point. When the distance of the screen from the aperture is increased, the image will become larger as well as the diameter of the circle of light (image point). The size of the aperature depends on the diameter of the circle of light from the image. The light that passes the aperature is scattered or diffracted. So, if the aperature is too small, the image may become less sharp because of the scatter of light at the aperature opening. A sharp image must have a aperture large enough to reduce the effects of diffraction to a minimum. Lens Shapes A lens is a glass body bounded by two surfaces centred on the optical axis of the lens.

Leadership assessment style Essay

Culture is the beliefs, views, morals, religious practices, and behaviors specific to a group of people which becomes the frame on which one builds his or her life. Culture affects the way someone behaves, the decision he/she makes in her/his life, from the food one eats to the way someone takes care of himself, and people around him or her. It is important that a nurse has a full understanding of an individual’s culture before making a nursing assessment. The family that is interviewed is from Mexico two years ago. The family consists of Mr Miguel, a thirty two year-old male, his wife Mrs Maria 29 year-old, and his son Rodriguez 2 year-old. This family is a third generation migrating into United State of America for a better life. Although the number has decreased since 1986, border towns in Texas and California still experience large influxes of Mexicans seeking improved employment and educational opportunities (Prunell, 2008). Coming into the United States was a success for Miguel, because he is able to find a job in order to support his family. Although the job requires no significant degree, but he seems happy to work. In Mexico, education is not required to get a job. Once in the United States, a Mexican initially finds work similar to that which he did in his native land, including farming, ranging, mining, oil production, construction, landscaping, and domestic jobs in homes, restaurants, and hotels and motels (Prunell, 2008). Employment is very difficult due to lack of knowledge on how to speak the language, but willing to get underpaid jobs. Socioeconomic status is considered low class with the husband being the head of the household. In Mexico family structure is defined as the man being in power of the household. The typical family dominance pattern in traditional Mexican American families is patriarchal, with evidence of slow change toward a more egalitarian pattern in recent years (Grothaus, 1996)(Prunell, 2008). Change to a more egalitarian decision-making pattern is primarily identified with more educated and higher socioeconomic families (Prunell, 2008). Machismo in the Mexican culture sees men as having strength, valor, and self-confidence, which is a valued trait among many (Prunell, 2008). Men are seen as wiser, braver, stronger, and more knowledgeable regarding sexual matters (Prunell, 2008). The female takes the responsibility for the decisions within the home and maintaining the family’s health( Prunell, 2008). Machismo assists in sustaining and maintaining health not only for the man but also with the implications for health and well-being of the family( Sobralske, 2006)( Prunell, 2008). The family seems to understand each other role and works together to help one another, specially for the sake of the child. Marriage ritual: In Mexican weddings, the couples select those who would be supporting and guiding them throughout the engagement and marriage ceremony. Those mentors are usually people who have played an essential role in the lives of the bride and the groom. According to the tradition, the relative takes turn to dance and pin money on their wedding attire. The reason of this is to express their hopes to be wealthy. Pregnancy: Mexican men view large numbers of children as proof of their virility (Prunell, 2008). The optimal childbearing age is between 19-24 years(Prunell, 2008). Abortion is prohibited in some communities, however it is permissible if there is a life or death situation. Abortion in many communities is considered morally wrong and is practiced only in extreme circumstances to keep the mother’s life intact(Prunell, 2008). The pregnant woman prefers hot foods having in mind that is healthier for the baby. For instance, during a woman is more likely to favor hot foods, which is believed to provide warmth for the fetus and enable to be born into a warm and loving environment (Eggenberger, Grassley, & Restropo, 2006)(Prunell, 2008). A child must have a grandparent if his parent cant fulfill the responsibilities of child-rearing – child is taught to respect his or her parent. Physical punishment is often used as a way of maintaining discipline and sometimes considered child abused (Prunell 2008). Children are taught at early age to respect parents and older family members, specially grandparents ( Prunell, 2008 ). Death is part of Mexican culture. Mexicans often have a stoic acceptance of the way things are and view death as a natural part and will of God (Eggenberger et al; 2008)(Prunell, 2008). When a person expires in the family, the news quickly emerged to everyone of the family. They may gather for a velorio, a festive watch over the body of the deceased person before burial (Prunell, 2008). Mexico is the largest Spanish-speaking countries in the world, with 80 million speaking the language (Prunell, 2008). Mrs Miguel is able to speak English a little, but his wife has some difficulties. The family speaks Spanish fluently at homed, however Mrs Miguel expresses himself in English at his job, where works as a housekeeper. The wife seems to be very closed to her husband which is in Mexican culture a normal trait according to Prunell (2008). The wife is sitting very close to her husband by stroking her husband hands during the interview, no eye contact is made. Mexican Americans consider sustained eye contact when speaking directly to an older person to be rude ( Prunell, 2008). Avoiding eye contact with superior is a sign of respect (Prunell, 2008). The main religious belief of Mexico is Catholic. The predominant of most Mexicans and Mexican Americans is Catholicism (Prunell, 2008). The major religions in Mexico are Roman Catholic, 89 percent; Protestant, 6 percent; and other, 5 percent of the population (Prunell, 2008). Family is important to a Mexican couple. Family takes precedence over work and all other aspects of life (Prunell, 2008). In many Mexican families, it is often said â€Å"God first, then family†(Prunell,2008). The typical Mexican diet consists of rice, eggs, pork, corn, tortillas, sausage, mint, chili peppers, onions, tomatoes, squash, canned fruit, mint tea, chamomile, carbonated beverages, beer, cola-flavored soft drinks, sweetened packaged drink mixes, sweetened breakfast cereals; potatoes, bread, gelatin, custard, refried beans, tacos, stripe soup beef (Prunell, 2008). Family’s lunch includes salad, soup, vegetables, meat (chicken, beef, fish, or shredded pork), fresh fruit, cheeses, fruit water the big meal of the day. A dominant health care practice for Mexican and many is hot-and-cold theory of food selection. Common hot foods used to treat cold diseases and conditions include cheeses, liquor, beef, pork, spicy foods, eggs, grains other than barley, vitamins, tobacco, and onions ( Kemp, 2001) ( Prunell, 2008 ). the client’s perception of illness in a Mexican family is a natural occurring event. Working is a must. Illness may occur when the person can no longer work or take care of the family ( Prunell, 2008). Therefore many Mexicans may not seek health care until they are incapacitated and unable to go about the activities of daily living( Prunell,2008). Many factors may cause illness or it is just an act of God. If the person becomes seriously sick, that is just the way things are; all events are acts of God (Eggenberger et al; 2006)(Prunell,2008). The treatment utilized based on Mexican belief system to treat an illness is as follows: folk medicine, spiritualists, medicine man, ritual, and western health care. Folk medicine is used when mal de ojo occurs usually to child and women. To prevent mal de ojo, the child wears a bracelet or a bag of seeds pinned to the cloths ( kemp,2001) ( Prunell, 2008). Most Mexicans enjoy their soul or spirit, specially in times of illness, whereas many health-care providers may feel uncomfortable talking about spirituality(Prunell,2008). The medicine man is like the folk medicine where one is being manipulated in order to discover an illness. A traditional practice that takes place in Mexico is the use of witchcraft, and a Mexican person believes sometimes that causes the illness of family member which leads family to seek help from the folk practitioners. Specific rituals are carried out to eliminate the evils from blame (Punell, 2008). Family takes full responsibilities of another being ill. Pain is part of life for a Mexican. Mexicans acceptance and anticipate pain as necessary part of life (Prunell, 2008). Culture is very important. Learning someone else culture requires knowledge and understanding. A nurse need to study and knowing a client’s cultural background prior assessment. This cultural assessment is great learning experience. People from different country have different views on many aspects of their life. Nurses must to be aware of a patient cultural beliefs, religious belief, cold-and-hot remedies, client perspective on pain, verbal and non-verbal cues, rituals, foods, etc, in order provide competent care. References Prunell, Larry D. (2008). Transcultural health care: A culturally competent approach, third edition. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis Company.